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Antikörper gegen die Lyme-Borreliose bei beruflich zeckenexponierten Personen in Bayern — Was sind die Risikofaktoren?

Aim of the study: Employees with an outdoor occupation are at risk of contracting diseases from ticks, such as Lyme’s disease (borreliosis). The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of anti borrelia burgdorferi antibodies as an indicator of previous borrelia infections in occupationally exposed persons — employees from the Bavarian water authorities and road maintenance department — and to compare the data with the prevalence in non-exposed workers. In addition, we investigated the influence on antibody prevalence of knowledge about tick-borne diseases, or about protective measures and their use. Protective measures include the avoidance of tick bites and the rapid removal of attached ticks. Methods and collective: The study population (84 % men, mean age 42 years) was assigned to 2 groups: 326 persons occupationally exposed to ticks, and 205 colleagues who mainly worked inside. Markers for infection were borrelia antibodies in the ELISA test, and, in the case of sero-prevalence, positive confirmation with an immunoblot. Results: Workers who spent at least half of the time outdoors reported more tick bites over the last two years than their colleagues, but the incidence of infection was not higher (14 %). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that neither tick bites during the last two years nor differences in knowledge about tick-borne diseases and protective measures influenced the incidence of infection. Conclusions: The only independent risk factor for borrelia infection was a longer duration of employment. Prospective studies should be carried out to discover if better knowledge about protective measures and their constant implementation reduces the infection risk.